{"id":16072,"date":"2017-03-22T10:21:46","date_gmt":"2017-03-22T14:21:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ilsr.org\/articles\/working-partner-update-tracking-history-and-developments-in-u-s-e-scrap\/"},"modified":"2024-05-01T18:04:44","modified_gmt":"2024-05-01T18:04:44","slug":"working-partner-update-tracking-history-and-developments-in-u-s-e-scrap","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/ilsr.org\/es\/article\/composting-for-community\/working-partner-update-tracking-history-and-developments-in-u-s-e-scrap","title":{"rendered":"Actualizaci\u00f3n de Socio Laboral: Historial y Desarrollos en E-Scrap de EE. UU."},"template":"","class_list":["post-16072","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","article_type-article","initiatives-composting-for-community","topics-extended-producer-responsibility","authors-neil-seldman"],"acf":{"details":{"featured_image":5826,"background_color":"","article_type":[134],"initiative":15,"display_event_fields":false,"start_date":null,"end_date":null,"start_time":null,"end_time":null,"time_zone":"America\/New_York","virtual_event":false,"location":"","topics":[75],"impact_areas":false,"abstract":"

An Interview with Jim Lynch, Senior Staff Writer, TechSoup.org. TechSoup is a nonprofit organization that has been operating since 1987 to provide donated and discounted mainstream software, IT equipment and technical assistance to 501c3 organizations, foundations, public libraries and churches in the US and overseas. Over one million organizations benefit from participating in TechSoup\u2019s network, 250,000 … Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","authors_tax":[605]},"sidebar":{"title":"\u00cdndice"},"page_layout":[{"acf_fc_layout":"layout_wysiwyg","_acfe_flexible_toggle":null,"component_wysiwyg":{"content":"

<\/div>

Una entrevista con Jim Lynch, redactor principal, TechSoup.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n

TechSoup es una organizaci\u00f3n sin fines de lucro que opera desde 1987 para proporcionar software comercial donado y con descuento, equipamiento de TI y asistencia t\u00e9cnica a organizaciones 501c3, fundaciones, bibliotecas p\u00fablicas e iglesias en EE. UU. y en el extranjero. M\u00e1s de un mill\u00f3n de organizaciones se benefician de participar en la red de TechSoup, 250.000 de las cuales operan en los Estados Unidos. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Una entrevista con Jim Lynch ofrece un breve resumen de la historia de la computadora personal y una mirada a las nuevas tendencias. TechSoup comenz\u00f3 su vida como CompuMentor.org. Fue fundada en 1987 por Daniel Ben-Horin, quien todav\u00eda trabaja en la organizaci\u00f3n. El trabajo inicial de la organizaci\u00f3n se centr\u00f3 en conectar a profesionales de la tecnolog\u00eda con organizaciones ben\u00e9ficas para desarrollar su capacidad de TI. Los proyectos incluyeron asistencia para conectar a las organizaciones en l\u00ednea, as\u00ed como ayuda en el desarrollo de software y redes. Los voluntarios proporcionaron entre 10 y 20 horas de servicio sin costo alguno para las organizaciones. Lynch explica que la viabilidad de este programa disminuy\u00f3 cuando los voluntarios del mundo de la TI pasaron de un modo de \u2018aficionado\u2019 a ser profesionales sobrecargados de trabajo. \u201cNuestra base de voluntarios desapareci\u00f3 gradualmente, a pesar de que la necesidad de ayuda de TI entre las organizaciones ben\u00e9ficas persiste hasta el d\u00eda de hoy\u201d, explica. La organizaci\u00f3n se convirti\u00f3 en TechSoup en el a\u00f1o 2000 y se centr\u00f3 m\u00e1s en donaciones de productos. Actualmente cuenta con un personal de 200 personas y oficinas en San Francisco, Londres y Varsovia, supervisadas por la CEO Rebecca Masisak. La organizaci\u00f3n tiene su sede en San Francisco.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
Jim Lynch, Cortes\u00eda de TechSoup<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Desde 1995, la organizaci\u00f3n ha sido un socio de filantrop\u00eda de productos para Microsoft Inc., adem\u00e1s de muchos otros gigantes del software como Symantec, Intuit y Adobe. TechSoup ahora tiene m\u00e1s de 100 socios de filantrop\u00eda de productos y m\u00e1s de 450 productos para organizaciones ben\u00e9ficas. Parte del trabajo de TechSoup es validar a las organizaciones sin fines de lucro para donaciones de productos. Lynch explica: \u201cEl trabajo de donaci\u00f3n de productos de TechSoup comenz\u00f3 cuando una revista de computaci\u00f3n de nuestro vecindario dej\u00f3 una caja de software que ya no usaban en nuestra puerta. La empresa dej\u00f3 una nota diciendo que esperaban que pudi\u00e9ramos d\u00e1rselo a organizaciones ben\u00e9ficas que lo necesitaran. Nos encant\u00f3 la idea y pedimos a todas las revistas de computaci\u00f3n de San Francisco que donaran su software de revisi\u00f3n\u201d.\u201d Desde entonces, hemos donado poco m\u00e1s de 18 millones de software y hardware. El valor de estas donaciones se estima en $7.600 millones.<\/strong><\/p>\n

En 2005 TechSoup lanz\u00f3 sus Iniciativa de Computadoras Reacondicionadas<\/a>\u00a0para suministrar computadoras reacondicionadas asequibles y confiables a organizaciones ben\u00e9ficas en los EE. UU. Tambi\u00e9n trabajaron en una serie de proyectos adicionales para hacer crecer la industria de reacondicionamiento de PC, como asociarse con Microsoft para proporcionar licencias de Windows de muy bajo costo a empresas de reacondicionamiento, y cofundar una conferencia para este campo. Ahora se estima que hay entre 1,500 y 2,000 empresas de reacondicionamiento de productos electr\u00f3nicos en los EE. UU. Lynch predice que habr\u00e1 un mayor crecimiento. Los precios de las materias primas para los metales recuperados de la trituraci\u00f3n de desechos electr\u00f3nicos se han estado recuperando lentamente desde 2008. Las m\u00e1quinas reacondicionadas, sin embargo, se venden a precios m\u00e1s altos que los metales de desecho y otros recursos recuperados de equipos electr\u00f3nicos. Por lo tanto, Sims, Inc., una de las compa\u00f1\u00edas de desechos electr\u00f3nicos m\u00e1s grandes del mundo, ahora tambi\u00e9n enfoca sus recursos en reacondicionar las m\u00e1quinas que controla.<\/p>\n

Como se\u00f1al\u00f3 ILSR (https:\/\/ilsr.org\/how-to-maximize-the-economic-environmental-and-social-value-of-e-scrap-does-epr-make-a-difference\/, 7 de abril de 2015), las leyes de Responsabilidad Extendida del Productor (REP) sobre Desechos Electr\u00f3nicos (E-Scrap) aprobadas en 25 estados han planteado un problema para los programas y empresas de reacondicionamiento.<\/p>\n

Estas leyes canalizan los desechos electr\u00f3nicos hacia las grandes empresas OEM y sus subsidiarias o contratistas para su trituraci\u00f3n. Esto, en efecto, limita el acceso a m\u00e1quinas reparables para la industria de reacondicionamiento, incluso cuando el reacondicionamiento agrega gran valor a las m\u00e1quinas a nivel local. Un iPhone triturado vale quiz\u00e1s$1- $1.50 cuando se tritura. Vale m\u00e1s de $100 cuando se reacondiciona.<\/p>\n

La restauraci\u00f3n agrega valor a los productos y habilidades a los nuevos trabajadores con un per\u00edodo de capacitaci\u00f3n de menos de un mes. La distribuci\u00f3n de m\u00e1quinas reacondicionadas que cuestan centavos de d\u00f3lar en comparaci\u00f3n con las compras nuevas tambi\u00e9n es fundamental para cerrar la brecha digital existente en ciudades, suburbios y \u00e1reas rurales de EE. UU. Los estados que han aprobado regulaciones de Responsabilidad Extendida del Productor (REP) para desechos electr\u00f3nicos en realidad han incrementado los costos para los gobiernos locales y estatales. Los defensores de la REP se apresuran a hacer cambios en sus programas, que se supon\u00eda que reducir\u00edan los costos gubernamentales para la gesti\u00f3n de desechos electr\u00f3nicos y transferir\u00edan los costos a la industria. En Washington DC, la industria de desechos electr\u00f3nicos dice que no puede ganar dinero ni cubrir los gastos si no recibe tarifas adicionales para procesar desechos electr\u00f3nicos. Los reacondicionadores est\u00e1n listos para competir si se les da la oportunidad mediante ajustes en las leyes REP de desechos electr\u00f3nicos existentes.<\/p>\n

Illinois es el \u00fanico programa estatal de EPR para desechos electr\u00f3nicos que recompensa a las empresas si reacondicionan computadoras en lugar de triturarlas. Desafortunadamente, el estado no recopila datos sobre la reutilizaci\u00f3n, por lo que se desconoce el impacto de sus regulaciones.<\/p>\n

Desde 2005, la tienda en l\u00ednea de m\u00e1quinas reacondicionadas de TechSoup ha vendido 76.000 computadoras y equipos relacionados. Lynch explica el \u00e9xito de su programa de ventas. \u201cLlevamos a cabo un alto grado de control de calidad. Nuestras computadoras reparadas tienen una tasa de fallos mejor que la de las m\u00e1quinas nuevas de los fabricantes de equipos originales (OEM), que es del 8%-15%\u201d, afirma Lynch.<\/p>\n

Siga al Instituto para la Autosuficiencia Local en Twitter<\/a> y\u00a0Facebook<\/a> y, para recibir actualizaciones mensuales sobre nuestro trabajo,\u00a0registro<\/a> para nuestro bolet\u00edn informativo general del ILSR.<\/em><\/p>\n

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